Geniza Lab

Pen trials in Latin- and Hebrew-script. The Latin-script words and abbreviations resemble Castilian Spanish but at times demonstrate Italianate linguistic influence. These words are honorific and often appear in addressing letters and on both the recto and verso the name "Antonio" is repeated. On the verso, the surname "Romano" also appears. There is one cluster of Hebrew letters interjected on the verso and below that the square letter aleph is practiced. MCD.

Pen trial consisting of the formula wa-mā tawfīqī ʾillā bi-llāh

Letters or groups of letters written by an apprentice who trained in the basics of the alphabet

Letters or groups of letters written by an apprentice who trained in the basics of the alphabet

Letters or groups of letters written by an apprentice who trained in the basics of the Arabic alphabet. This Arabic-script letter is dated 29 Rajab 1187 AH, which is 1773 CE. The Judaeo-Arabic account on verso is dated 5558 AM, which is 1797/98 CE.

Several words written in a thick pen a trial of the pen. Among others one reads the words šayʾ, ḍāʿaf Allāh

Pen trial consisting of three basmala

Writing exercises of individual letters, 'trial of the pen'. NB: This description and transcription belong with a different, unidentified shelfmark.